Essays/

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  • von Belinda Davis

    The image below represents a flyer put out by the Evangelische Studenten-Gemeinden Westberlin (ESG), calling for viewers to stand up for peace, by attending a demonstration to be held on the occasion of US-American President Ronald Reagan’s visit to West Berlin, in June 1982. The specific concern is to prevent the stationing of new nuclear weapons across Europe, in the Cold War West and East. Europeans are implicitly represented in the person of a female protester who, though in dress and heels, demonstrates sufficient strength to kick away an unwanted nuclear rocket. [...]

  • von Maria Bühner

    „Aber in Erinnerung an diese erste Frau und im endlich beginnenden Nachdenken, was meine Gefühle gegenüber Frauen betraf, fing ich an, diese Alternative in Erwägung zu ziehen, mit einer Frau zu leben. Ich bildete mir aber ein, in dieser Stadt die einzige Lesbe zu sein – die Lesbe, das war mir damals noch nicht so klar – die einzige Frau zu sein, die so empfindet.“ [...]

  • von Relinde Meiwes

    Im Spätsommer des Jahres 1877 begab sich eine kleine Gruppe junger Novizinnen der Schwestern von der heiligen Katharina aus der ostpreußischen Stadt Braunsberg auf eine Reise nach Skandinavien. Ziel war die finnische Hauptstadt Helsinki, die damals den schwedischen Namen Helsingfors trug. Die Schwestern wollten hier in der katholischen Kirchengemeinde als Lehrerinnen arbeiten. Wie sie waren seit der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts zahlreiche Männer und Frauen im Namen der Kirche unterwegs in Europa. Sie hatten sich die Verkündigung des Evangeliums zur Aufgabe gemacht und arbeiteten vor allem im Schulwesen und in der Krankenpflege. Eingebunden in religiöse Netzwerke reisten also nicht nur Missionare, Ordensmänner, Brüder oder Diakone, sondern auch Ordensfrauen, Diakonissen, Schwestern und Missionarinnen. Doch was bedeuteten diese weiblichen Aktivitäten? [...]

  • von Belinda Davis

    The image below represents a flyer put out by the Evangelische Studenten-Gemeinden Westberlin (ESG), calling for viewers to stand up for peace, by attending a demonstration to be held on the occasion of American President Ronald Reagan’s visit to West Berlin, in June 1982. The specific concern is to prevent the stationing of new nuclear weapons across Europe, in the Cold War West and East. Europeans are implicitly represented in the person of a female protester who, though in dress and heels, demonstrates sufficient strength to kick away an unwanted nuclear rocket. The message seems forthright and quite simple. But as an exemplar of the era’s iconography, the flyer would have communicated a range of meanings and associations. One of thousands of such images and associated texts in West Germany/West Berlin alone, the flyer was part of a popular political movement across NATO-allied Europe, protesting NATO’s new “double-track” strategy of rearmament alongside continued détente. [...]

  • von Ann Taylor Allen

    Although European history is in many ways the best known of the world's histories, the concept on which it is based—that of Europe—remains largely unexamined. North American colleges and universities have traditionally included European history in a general concept of "Western Civilization," which is assumed to be the source of norms and institutions—representative government, Judeo-Christian religion, scientific objectivity, to name just a few—that are common to Americans and Europeans. The textbooks and syllabi of these courses seldom inquire to what extent these shared traditions were indeed "European"—that is, typical of Europe as a whole, or only of certain times and places. In Europe itself, historians focus chiefly on national narratives, seldom asking how, or even if, these diverse narratives constituted a "European" history. Most early historians of women and gender, though they questioned many conventions of their discipline, preserved these. [...]