Essays/

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  • von Riccardo Bavaj

    “The West” was in crisis – yet again. And Richard Löwenthal was deeply worried. The socio-political order of the Federal Republic had been challenged by the student revolt, and its impact was felt particularly strongly at the Free University Berlin where Löwenthal, born in 1908, had been professor of International Relations since the early 1960s. West Germany’s intellectual foundation had been attacked, and for someone like Löwenthal who had experienced the demise of Germany’s first experiment in liberal democracy, it seemed as though Weimar’s shadows were hanging over the Federal Republic deeper than ever before. The fateful tradition of German romanticism, “anti-liberal and anti-Western” as he put it, appeared to have resurfaced once again. This time, however, it was not outright authoritarianism, but a leftist renaissance of romantic-utopian thought that haunted the “second republic”. [...]

  • von Rumjana Mitewa-Michalkowa

    In den 1970er Jahren forderten kritische bulgarische Intellektuelle, wie die Schriftstellerin Blaga Dimitrova, der Satiriker Radoj Ralin und der Maler Georgi Baev, eine Revision der dogmatischen Kulturpolitik und den offenen Dialog mit Ländern verschiedener politischer Systeme. Diese vorerst kleine Bewegung erhielt massiven Auftrieb, als Ljudmila Živkova, die Tochter des Staats- und Parteichefs Todor Živkov, die Leitung des Ministeriums für Kultur übernahm und sich auf der nationalen und internationalen Bühne für die Entdogmatisierung der marxistisch-leninistischen Kulturpolitik und die Öffnung und Internationalisierung des kulturellen Lebens einsetzte.